The Postprandial Hypo-Avoid Study

What Was Tested

This registered phase 4 trial tested Glucagon.

The primary endpoint is the difference in the change in plasma glucose (PG) from exercise initiation to the nadir during exercise and through the 2-hour post-exercise period between the glucagon (GCN) and carbohydrate (CHO) visits.

It had two arms (groups): Visit GCN (active comparator) and Visit CHO (active comparator).

The registry classes the interventions as dietary supplement and drug.

More on the Plan

Each participant will attend one screening visit followed by two experimental visits performed in random order, separated by at least seven days.

At each experimental visit, participants will perform a standardized bout of MICE approximately 90 minutes after a meal.

Right before exercise, the AID system's higher glucose target/exercise mode will be activated and will remain active until 15 minutes after exercise.

Who Took Part

Enrollment: 18 planned participants were the target.

It was open to people of any sex aged from 18 years with no upper age limit.

Healthy volunteers were not accepted; participants needed the condition being studied.

Examples of who could join: Age ≥ 18 years. Using an automated insulin delivery system for ≥ 3 months. NovoRapid or Fiasp use ≥1 week. Proficiency in carbohydrate counting.

The full record lists 5 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria; among the exclusions: allergies to lactose or glucagon; known or suspected allergies to glucagon or related products; history of hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to glucagon or lactose.

How the Study Was Run

Design: randomized, crossover and open-label.

The participants were allocated by chance, so the Glucagon group and the comparison group should start out alike.

Each person switched between Glucagon and the comparison at some point, usually with a gap in between.

Being open-label, the Glucagon study did not mask who received what.

It started in 2026-04-27 with completion listed for 2027-05-01.

It ran at 1 site in Denmark.

Its stated primary purpose is prevention.

What Was Measured

The main thing measured (primary outcome): Change in plasma glucose (PG) from exercise initiation to the nadir during exercise and throughout the 2-hour post-exercise period between visit GCN and CHO (time frame: From exercise initiation until two hours following exercise).

It also tracked 13 secondary outcomes, for example Nadir PG concentration between visits GCN and CHO, Peak PG concentration between visits GCN and CHO, Incremental peak PG concentration between visits GCN and CHO, Mean PG concentration between visits GCN and CHO, PG area under the curve (AUC) between visits GCN and CHO and Standard deviation of PG between visits GCN and CHO.

What This Means in Plain Language

Put simply, this is a phase 4, randomized trial of Glucagon in 18 people.

Its size is small, so on its own it can only give an early look.

It is still recruiting; no results are posted to the registry yet, so nothing here describes outcomes.

More context: the Glucagon compound page, all human trials.