Estrogen and/or calcium plus vitamin D increase mandibular bone mass.

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in this randomized controlled trial publication.

Here the researchers report on mandibular bone mass for 49 women (of the original cohort of 135) who continued in an additional 2-year, open-label extension.

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 49 women were involved.

PubMed indexes the participants as middle-aged adults, women only.

Postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to receive calcium and vitamin D plus E/HRT, or calcium and vitamin D only.

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized, double-blind and open-label study.

Because people in this Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

Neither the women nor the staff measuring them knew who was on Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, so expectations could not easily colour the readings.

Everyone knew when Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc was being given (open label), which is simpler to run but leaves more room for expectations to affect what is reported.

Regression analysis of mandibular bone mass over time was performed for each woman.

What Was Measured

The subject headings attached to it are Alveolar Bone Loss, Analysis of Variance, Bone Density, Calcium, Clinical Protocols, Drug Combinations and Estrogen Replacement Therapy.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and open-label study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 49 women.

Its findings take up roughly 5 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2004 (Journal of periodontology), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.