Transdermal nicotine use in postmenopausal women: does the treatment efficacy differ in women using and not using hormone replacement therapy?

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial paper looks at Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide).

After 1 baseline week of smoking, participants quit smoking for 2 weeks.

Women received cessation counseling and were monitored for abstinence.

Who Took Part

The age groups tagged for this paper are adults, middle-aged adults and older adults, women only.

Participants were recruited according to HRT and non-HRT use (self-selecting), then randomized within strata to active nicotine or placebo nicotine patch.

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study.

Because people in this Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide) study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

As a double-blind Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide) study, the assignments were hidden from both participants and investigators until the end.

The comparison arm used a placebo, so changes seen with Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide) could be set against what happens without it.

What Was Measured

Dependent measures were collected during five clinic visits.

Two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were run on change scores for dependent variables, with nicotine patch group (active/placebo) and HRT group (HRT/non-HRT) as independent variables and age as a covariate.

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Administration, Cutaneous, Counseling, Depression, Ganglionic Stimulants, Hormone Replacement Therapy, Motor Skills Disorders and Nicotine.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide).

The publication is from 2004 (Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco), a journal based in England.

More context: the Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide) compound page, all human trials.