Glycemic index, cholecystokinin, satiety and disinhibition: is there an unappreciated paradox for overweight women?

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Cholecystokinin (CCK) in this randomized controlled trial publication.

The aim of this study was to investigate the satiety and glycemic response to high GI (HGI) and LGI meals in overweight restrained (R, n=12) and unrestrained (UR, n=10) women.

Why It Was Studied

The clinical utility of a low glycemic index (LGI) diet for appetite and food intake control is controversial.

Complicating the issue are psychological and behavioral influences related to eating.

Who Took Part

The study group was 8 participants.

The age groups tagged for this paper are young adults, adults and middle-aged adults, women only.

In a randomized crossover study, subjective satiety, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucose, insulin, triacylglyceride (TG) and free fatty acids (FFAs) were measured at defined intervals for 8 h after the participants consumed HGI or LGI test meals.

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized and crossover study.

Because people in this Cholecystokinin (CCK) study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

Each person switched between Cholecystokinin (CCK) and the comparison at some point, usually with a gap in between.

Test meals were matched for energy, energy density, macronutrient content and available carbohydrate, but differed by carbohydrate source; refined grain versus whole grain, respectively.

What Was Measured

PubMed files the paper under topics including Blood Glucose, Cholecystokinin, Cues, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats and Eating.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized and crossover study of Cholecystokinin (CCK) in 8 participants.

With fewer than 40 people, it is a small study, so it is better read as an early signal for further research than as a settled answer.

Its findings take up roughly 7 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2008 (International journal of obesity (2005)), a journal based in England.

More context: the Cholecystokinin (CCK) compound page, all human trials.