The effect of protease inhibitors derived from potato formulated in a minidrink on appetite, food intake and plasma cholecystokinin levels in humans

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial paper looks at Cholecystokinin (CCK).

Furthermore, the potential effect of PI2 on appetite motivational ratings without an immediately following meal has not previously been reported.

Who Took Part

The abstract describes 23 subjects taking part.

The age groups tagged for this paper are teenagers, young adults, adults and middle-aged adults, both men and women.

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized, placebo-controlled and crossover study.

Because people in this Cholecystokinin (CCK) study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

Some subjects received a placebo instead of Cholecystokinin (CCK), giving a reference point.

In the crossover set-up each of the subjects took both Cholecystokinin (CCK) and the comparison in turn, acting as their own control.

The minidrink was given (A) 120 or (B) 30 min before an ad libitum lunch or (C) 30 min before a fixed lunch.

Study parameters were self-reported satiety (substudies A and C), ad libitum meal intake (substudies A and B), and (in an n=12 subset) plasma CCK and blood glucose in all substudies.

All results were analyzed using analysis of covariance.

Protease-inhibitory activity of the PI2-containing minidrinks was assessed under simulated gut conditions.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Appetite Regulation, Beverages, Cholecystokinin, Eating, Phytotherapy, Plant Preparations and Postprandial Period.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, placebo-controlled and crossover study of Cholecystokinin (CCK) in 23 subjects.

With fewer than 40 people, it is a small study, so it is better read as an early signal for further research than as a settled answer.

Its findings take up roughly 2 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2011 (International journal of obesity (2005)), a journal based in England.

More context: the Cholecystokinin (CCK) compound page, all human trials.