Urinary tract stone occurrence in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized clinical trial of calcium and vitamin D supplements.

What Was Tested

The paper reports a study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, published as a randomized controlled trial.

The researchers examined the correlates of urinary tract stone occurrence in the CaD arm of the WHI trial.

Why It Was Studied

This study evaluated whether this risk is modified by participant characteristics.

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 36,282 women were involved.

The age groups tagged for this paper are middle-aged adults and older adults, women only.

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized and placebo-controlled study.

Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc and who got the comparison, which limits bias.

A placebo (an inactive look-alike) gave the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc group a baseline to be compared against.

The incidence of urinary tract stones was determined.

What Was Measured

This study evaluated whether this risk is modified by participant characteristics.

The subject headings attached to it are Calcium, Dietary, Dietary Supplements, Risk Factors, Urinary Calculi, Vitamin D and Women's Health.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized and placebo-controlled study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 36,282 women.

With several hundred people or more, it is a fairly large study for this kind of research.

Results are reported in around 7 sentences of the abstract; we leave them to the paper itself rather than summarise them.

The publication is from 2011 (The American journal of clinical nutrition), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.