Calcium and vitamin D supplementation is associated with decreased abdominal visceral adipose tissue in overweight and obese adults.

What Was Tested

The paper reports a study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, published as a randomized controlled trial.

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 171 participants were involved.

PubMed indexes the participants as adults and middle-aged adults, both men and women.

For each 16-wk trial, 171 participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups.

How the Study Was Run

The design is described as randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel-group.

The participants were allocated by chance, so the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc group and the comparison group should start out alike.

Neither the participants nor the staff measuring them knew who was on Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, so expectations could not easily colour the readings.

Some participants received a placebo instead of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, giving a reference point.

The Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc group and the comparison group ran side by side rather than switching.

Computed tomography scans of VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue were performed by imaging a single cut at the lumbar 4 level.

What Was Measured

The subject headings attached to it are Beverages, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Citrus, Dietary Supplements, Energy Intake and Food, Fortified.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 171 participants.

Results are reported in around 6 sentences of the abstract; we leave them to the paper itself rather than summarise them.

The publication is from 2012 (The American journal of clinical nutrition), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.