Effects of consumption of main and side dishes with white rice on postprandial glucose, insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 responses in healthy Japanese men

What Was Tested

Researchers studied GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) in this randomized controlled trial publication.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of consuming recommended amounts of side dishes with boiled white rice in the same meal on postprandial plasma glucose, insulin and incretin hormone responses.

Why It Was Studied

The co-ingestion of protein, fat and fibre with carbohydrate reportedly affects postprandial glucose, insulin and incretin (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)) responses.

However, the effects of combination dishes with carbohydrate-rich foods at typically eaten amounts remain unclear.

Who Took Part

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were young adults and adults, men only.

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized, single-blind and crossover study.

Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) and who got the comparison, which limits bias.

Only one side, usually the participants, was kept unaware of whether GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) was given.

In the crossover set-up each of the participants took both GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) and the comparison in turn, acting as their own control.

What Was Measured

The test meals were as follows: S, white rice; SM, addition of protein-rich main dishes to the S meal; SMF, addition of a fat-rich food item to the SM meal; SMFV, addition of vegetables to the SMF meal.

The subject headings attached to it are Blood Glucose, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Health Promotion, Hyperglycemia, Hyperinsulinism and Insulin.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, single-blind and crossover study of GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide).

The publication is from 2014 (The British journal of nutrition), a journal based in England.

More context: the GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) compound page, all human trials.