Plant-rich mixed meals based on Palaeolithic diet principles have a dramatic impact on incretin, peptide YY and satiety response, but show little effect on glucose and insulin homeostasis: an acute-effects randomised study

What Was Tested

The paper reports a study of Peptide YY, published as a randomized controlled trial.

In the present study, the researchers used Palaeolithic diet principles to construct meals comprising readily available ingredients: fish and a variety of plants, selected to be rich in fibre and phyto-nutrients.

The researchers investigated the acute effects of two Palaeolithic-type meals (PAL 1 and PAL 2) and a reference meal based on WHO guidelines (REF), on blood glucose control, gut hormone responses and appetite regulation.

Who Took Part

PubMed indexes the participants as teenagers, young adults and adults, men only.

Using a randomised cross-over trial design, healthy subjects were given three meals on separate occasions.

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized and crossover study.

Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got Peptide YY and who got the comparison, which limits bias.

In the crossover set-up each of the participants took both Peptide YY and the comparison in turn, acting as their own control.

Plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and peptide YY (PYY) concentrations were measured over a period of 180 min.

Satiation was assessed using electronic visual analogue scale (EVAS) scores.

What Was Measured

PubMed files the paper under topics including Blood Glucose, Cohort Studies, Diet, Paleolithic, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Incretins, Insulin and Insulin Resistance.

Author keywords: Glucose homeostasis.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized and crossover study of Peptide YY.

The publication is from 2015 (The British journal of nutrition), a journal based in England.

More context: the Peptide YY compound page, all human trials.