Calcium Plus Vitamin D Supplementation During the Third Trimester of Pregnancy in Adolescents Accustomed to Low Calcium Diets Does Not Affect Infant Bone Mass at Early Lactation in a Randomized Controlled Trial.

What Was Tested

The paper reports a study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, published as a randomized controlled trial.

Pregnancy and lactation in adolescents with low calcium intake may impair fetal growth and infant bone mass.

Who Took Part

The age groups tagged for this paper are infants and teenagers, women only.

Fetal biometric measurements at 23 and 36 wk of gestation were obtained from medical records.

Infant anthropometric and total body bone measurements [bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA), and bone mineral density (BMD)] at 5 wk postpartum were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized, single-blind and placebo-controlled study.

Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc and who got the comparison, which limits bias.

In this single-blind Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study one party knew the assignments and the other did not.

Some participants received a placebo instead of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, giving a reference point.

Maternal BMD z scores for total body, lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck at 5 wk postpartum were obtained.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density, Brazil, Breast Feeding, Calcium, Dietary, Dietary Supplements and Femur Neck.

The authors tagged it with the keywords adolescent mothers, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation, fetal skeletal growth, infant bone mass, lactation and pregnancy.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, single-blind and placebo-controlled study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.

Results are reported in around 8 sentences of the abstract; we leave them to the paper itself rather than summarise them.

The publication is from 2015 (The Journal of nutrition), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.