Effects of a vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement on measures of sarcopenia in older adults, the PROVIDE study: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Plain-language guide to PMID 26170041 (2015): double-blind randomized controlled trial of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc and Copper (Supplement).

Key Facts

PMID: 26170041
Journal: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
Year: 2015
Study type: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bauer JM et al. (24 authors)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.021

What This Study Did, in Plain Language

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial looks at Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc and Copper (Supplement).

Who Took Part

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were older adults, both men and women.

A multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind, 2 parallel-group trial among 380 sarcopenic primarily independent-living older adults with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB; 0-12) scores between 4 and 9, and a low skeletal muscle mass index.

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized, double-blind, multicenter and parallel-group study.

The participants were allocated by chance, so the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc group and the comparison group should start out alike.

As a double-blind Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study, the assignments were hidden from both participants and investigators until the end.

Running at several centres spread the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study over different clinics and patient groups.

The Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc group and the comparison group ran side by side rather than switching.

Primary outcomes of handgrip strength and SPPB score, and secondary outcomes of chair-stand test, gait speed, balance score, and appendicular muscle mass (by DXA) were measured at baseline, week 7, and week 13 of the intervention.

What Was Measured

The subject headings attached to it are Dietary Supplements, Europe, Geriatric Assessment, Hand Strength, Leucine, Mobility Limitation and Protein-Energy Malnutrition.

Author keywords: Sarcopenia, lower extremity function, muscle mass and nutritional supplementation.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and multicenter study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc and Copper (Supplement).

The abstract goes on to report its results in about 6 sentences; this page does not restate them, so read the paper for the findings and their limits.

The publication is from 2015 (Journal of the American Medical Directors Association), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page and the Copper (Supplement) compound page, all human trials.

Our Notes on the Compounds

Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc: Magnesium is described as required for AMPK to function.

Copper (Supplement): The active site of cytochrome c oxidase is described as containing copper ions that are essential for electron transfer.

Source: PubMed record. This explanation is written by PeptideWhiz from the public record. For research and education only. Not medical advice; no dosing information is given.