Relation between milk-fat percentage, vitamin D, and BMI z score in early childhood.

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in this observational study publication.

The primary objective was to explore the association between milk-fat percentage and both BMI z score (zBMI) and venous 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]; the secondary objective was to assess whether milk volume consumed modified this relation.

The researchers used adjusted bivariate linear regression to examine the relation between milk-fat percentage and child 25(OH)D and zBMI concurrently.

Why It Was Studied

Fortified cow milk is a material contributor of vitamin D and dietary fat in children.

Who Took Part

PubMed indexes the participants as infants, young children and children, both men and women.

Healthy urban children aged 12-72 mo were recruited from 9 primary health care practices within The Applied Research Group for Kids (TARGet Kids!) research group in Toronto, Canada.

How the Study Was Run

This was a cross-sectional analysis.

Effect modification by milk volume consumed on the evaluated relations was explored with the use of an interaction term in the statistical model.

What Was Measured

PubMed files the paper under topics including Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dietary Fats, Food, Fortified, Linear Models, Milk and Multivariate Analysis.

The authors tagged it with the keywords obesity, pediatrics, vitamin D and zBMI.

What This Means in Plain Language

This is an observational study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.

Results are reported in around 6 sentences of the abstract; we leave them to the paper itself rather than summarise them.

The publication is from 2016 (The American journal of clinical nutrition), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.