Prevalence and Determinants of Vitamin D Deficiency Among the Overweight and Obese Singaporeans Seeking Weight Management Including Bariatric Surgery: a Relationship with Bone Health.

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in this observational study publication.

Low vitamin D status is prevalent worldwide and has been linked to a variety of pathologies including obesity in adults.

The severity of vitamin D deficiency amongst the overweight and obese Singaporeans is not well documented.

The purpose of this prospective observational study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency in a multi-ethnic Asian population referred for weight management, including those seeking bariatric surgery.

Who Took Part

The abstract describes 111 subjects taking part.

PubMed indexes the participants as adults and middle-aged adults, both men and women.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 111 consecutive subjects referred to a single institution weight management service in Singapore.

How the Study Was Run

The data collected included their anthropometric data, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, waist circumference, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and other bone turnover markers.

What Was Measured

The subject headings attached to it are Adiposity, Anthropometry, Bariatric Surgery, Body Mass Index, Bone Density, Calcifediol and Cross-Sectional Studies.

The authors tagged it with the keywords 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], BMI, Body fat percentage, Vitamin D deficiency and Waist circumference.

What This Means in Plain Language

This is an observational study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 111 subjects.

The abstract goes on to report its results in about 7 sentences; this page does not restate them, so read the paper for the findings and their limits.

The publication is from 2018 (Obesity surgery), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.