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Effects of chocolate-based products intake on blood glucose, insulin and ghrelin levels and on satiety in young people: a cross-over experimental study
Plain-language guide to PMID 29457516 (2018): crossover randomized controlled trial study of Ghrelin in 20 volunteers.
Key Facts
- PMID
- 29457516
- Journal
- International journal of food sciences and nutrition
- Year
- 2018
- Study type
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Authors
- Zhang CX et al. (8 authors)
- DOI
- 10.1080/09637486.2018.1426737
What This Study Did, in Plain Language
What Was Tested
Researchers studied Ghrelin in this randomized controlled trial publication.
This cross-over experimental study aimed to examine the effects of filled chocolate consumption on blood glucose, insulin and ghrelin levels in 20 volunteers.
Why It Was Studied
After a one-week run-in period, study participants consumed two chocolate-based products, the tested biscuit or water for 21 days as a morning snack.
After a two-week wash-out period, participants consumed another tested food for another 21 days.
Who Took Part
The study group was 20 volunteers.
The age groups tagged for this paper are young adults and adults, both men and women.
How the Study Was Run
The design is described as randomized and crossover.
Because people in this Ghrelin study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.
In the crossover set-up each of the volunteers took both Ghrelin and the comparison in turn, acting as their own control.
The timeline in the abstract includes one week.
What Was Measured
After a one-week run-in period, study participants consumed two chocolate-based products, the tested biscuit or water for 21 days as a morning snack.
After a two-week wash-out period, participants consumed another tested food for another 21 days.
PubMed files the paper under topics including Blood Glucose, Chocolate, Ghrelin, Insulin and Satiation.
Author keywords: satiety.
What This Means in Plain Language
The paper is a randomized and crossover study of Ghrelin in 20 volunteers over one week.
With fewer than 40 people, it is a small study, so it is better read as an early signal for further research than as a settled answer.
The publication is from 2018 (International journal of food sciences and nutrition), a journal based in England.
More context: the Ghrelin compound page, all human trials.
Our Notes on the Compound
Ghrelin: A 28-amino-acid stomach hormone that signals hunger and triggers growth hormone release; studied in human trials as an infusion.
Related Pages
Source: PubMed record. This explanation is written by PeptideWhiz from the public record. For research and education only. Not medical advice; no dosing information is given.