Association of the 25(OH) vitamin D status with upper respiratory tract infections morbidity in water sports elite athletes.

What Was Tested

The paper reports a study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, published as an observational study.

The aim of this study is to determine seasonal changes of total serum 25(OH) vitamin D (VD) concentration and its influence on upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) morbidity among water sports elite athletes.

Who Took Part

The abstract describes 30 individuals taking part.

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were young adults and adults, both men and women.

Study participants included 40 elite athletes and 30 control individuals.

Frequency of acute URTI in participants was determined by medical cards and self-reported questionnaire during the year.

How the Study Was Run

The study was planned as a prospective, non-interventional, observational study.

Serum levels of 25(OH) VD and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-6 were detected by ELISA technique.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Athletes, Interleukin-4, Prevalence, Respiratory Tract Infections, Seasons, Surveys and Questionnaires and Swimming.

What This Means in Plain Language

This is an observational study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 30 individuals.

With fewer than 40 people, it is a small study, so it is better read as an early signal for further research than as a settled answer.

Its findings take up roughly 8 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2019 (The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness), a journal based in Italy.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.