Effect of vitamin D fortified foods on bone markers and muscle strength in women of Pakistani and Danish origin living in Denmark: a randomised controlled trial.

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in this randomized controlled trial publication.

The researchers aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D fortification on bone markers and muscle strength among younger adult women at risk of vitamin D deficiency.

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 143 women were involved.

PubMed indexes the participants as teenagers, young adults, adults and middle-aged adults, women only.

Participants were 143 women of Danish and Pakistani origin 18-50 years of age, living in Denmark, randomised into four groups stratified by ethnicity.

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study.

The women were allocated by chance, so the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc group and the comparison group should start out alike.

Blinding on both sides kept the women and researchers unaware of who received Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.

Some women received a placebo instead of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, giving a reference point.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) by LC-MS/MS and the secondary endpoints: four specific bone markers (osteocalcin (OC), Bone specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP), Procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP), C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX)) and three muscle strength measures (handgrip, knee extension strength, chair-standing), were assessed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD and subsequent linear ANCOVA models, adjusted for relevant covariates.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Alkaline Phosphatase, Biomarkers, Bone Remodeling, Collagen Type I, Denmark, Food, Fortified and Muscle Strength.

The authors tagged it with the keywords Bone regeneration, Bone resorption, Immigrants, Ranomised controlled trial and Vitamin D.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 143 women.

Its findings take up roughly 5 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2019 (Nutrition journal), a journal based in England.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.