Endogenously released GIP reduces and GLP-1 increases hepatic insulin extraction

What Was Tested

Researchers studied GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) in this randomized controlled trial publication.

GIP was proposed to play a key role in the development of non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in response to sugar intake.

The researchers compared effects of sucrose vs. isomaltulose on GIP and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, hepatic insulin clearance (HIC) and insulin sensitivity in normal (NGT), impaired glucose tolerant (IGT) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants.

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 10 subjects were involved.

PubMed indexes the participants as adults and middle-aged adults, both men and women.

How the Study Was Run

The design is described as randomized and crossover.

Because people in this GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

In the crossover set-up each of the subjects took both GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) and the comparison in turn, acting as their own control.

What Was Measured

The subject headings attached to it are Case-Control Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Incretins, Insulin and Insulin Resistance.

Author keywords: GIP, Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, Glycemic index, Hepatic insulin clearance, Isomaltulose and Sucrose.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized and crossover study of GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) in 10 subjects.

With fewer than 40 people, it is a small study, so it is better read as an early signal for further research than as a settled answer.

The publication is from 2020 (Peptides), a journal based in United States.

More context: the GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) compound page, all human trials.