Choline Intake as Supplement or as a Component of Eggs Increases Plasma Choline and Reduces Interleukin-6 without Modifying Plasma Cholesterol in Participants with Metabolic Syndrome.

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Copper (Supplement) in this randomized controlled trial publication.

Eggs have numerous nutrients including choline, carotenoids, and fat-soluble vitamins that may protect against these conditions.

Egg phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a major contributor of dietary choline in the American diet.

Who Took Part

The study group was 23 subjects.

The age groups tagged for this paper are adults, middle-aged adults and older adults, both men and women.

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized and crossover study.

Because people in this Copper (Supplement) study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

In the crossover set-up each of the subjects took both Copper (Supplement) and the comparison in turn, acting as their own control.

What Was Measured

In this study, the researchers evaluated the effect of two sources of choline, whole eggs (a source of PC) and a choline supplement (choline bitartrate, CB), on plasma lipids, glucose, insulin resistance, and inflammatory biomarkers.

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Cholesterol, LDL, Choline, Dietary Supplements, Eating, Eggs, Food Analysis and Insulin Resistance.

Author keywords: Vitamin E, choline supplement, plasma cholesterol, plasma choline and selenium.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized and crossover study of Copper (Supplement) in 23 subjects.

With fewer than 40 people, it is a small study, so it is better read as an early signal for further research than as a settled answer.

The publication is from 2020 (Nutrients), a journal based in Switzerland.

More context: the Copper (Supplement) compound page, all human trials.