Vitamin D supplementation associated with 12-weeks multimodal training in older women with low bone mineral density: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial looks at Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.

To evaluate the influence of vitamin D supplementation with a multimodal exercise program on postural balance and muscle strength in older women with low bone mineral density (BMD) and vitamin D insufficiency.

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 422 subjects were involved.

The age groups tagged for this paper are older adults, women only.

Total of 422 subjects were screened for participation, and 46 met the inclusion criteria.

Those were randomized into an experimental group (EG; n = 23) and control group (CG; n = 23).

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study.

Because people in this Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

As a double-blind Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study, the assignments were hidden from both participants and investigators until the end.

The comparison arm used a placebo, so changes seen with Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc could be set against what happens without it.

12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

At the time of enrollment, all subjects had low BMD, vitamin D insufficiency, and were not practicing resistance exercise.

Muscle strength assessments were performed by the 30-s sit to stand test; 15-steps climbing test; handgrip dynamometer and knee muscle strength using an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/sec.

Postural balance was clinically evaluated by the MiniBESTest and by a force platform.

Dynamic balance was assessed by standing up from a chair and walk over a step, using also a force platform.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Bone Density, Bone Diseases, Metabolic, Dietary Supplements, Hand Strength, Muscle Strength, Postural Balance and Vitamin D.

Author keywords: Aging, Dietary supplementation, Exercise and Muscular strength.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 422 subjects.

With several hundred people or more, it is a fairly large study for this kind of research.

The abstract goes on to report its results in about 5 sentences; this page does not restate them, so read the paper for the findings and their limits.

The publication is from 2021 (Experimental gerontology), a journal based in England.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.