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Evaluation of tramadol human pharmacokinetics and safety after co-administration of magnesium ions in randomized, single- and multiple-dose studies.
Plain-language guide to PMID 33686610 (2021): open-label randomized controlled trial of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.
Key Facts
- PMID
- 33686610
- Journal
- Pharmacological reports : PR
- Year
- 2021
- Study type
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Authors
- Rudzki PJ et al. (9 authors)
- DOI
- 10.1007/s43440-021-00239-x
What This Study Did, in Plain Language
What Was Tested
The paper reports a study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, published as a randomized controlled trial.
Their secondary goal was to assess the safety of the combination.
Why It Was Studied
The nature of this synergistic analgesic interaction has not yet been explained.
Who Took Part
By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were young adults and adults, both men and women.
Both studies were randomized, open label, laboratory-blinded, two-period, two-treatment, crossover trials.
How the Study Was Run
The design is described as randomized, open-label and crossover.
Because people in this Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.
Everyone knew when Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc was being given (open label), which is simpler to run but leaves more room for expectations to affect what is reported.
In the crossover set-up each of the participants took both Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc and the comparison in turn, acting as their own control.
The plasma concentrations of tramadol and its active metabolite, O-desmethyltramadol, were measured.
What Was Measured
PubMed files the paper under topics including Analgesics, Opioid, Area Under Curve, Drug Interactions, Magnesium and Tramadol.
The authors tagged it with the keywords O-Desmethyltramadol, Opioid analgesia and Pain treatment.
What This Means in Plain Language
The paper is a randomized, open-label and crossover study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.
The abstract goes on to report its results in about 8 sentences; this page does not restate them, so read the paper for the findings and their limits.
The publication is from 2021 (Pharmacological reports : PR), a journal based in Switzerland.
More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.
Our Notes on the Compound
Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc: Magnesium is described as required for AMPK to function.
Related Pages
Source: PubMed record. This explanation is written by PeptideWhiz from the public record. For research and education only. Not medical advice; no dosing information is given.