The relationship between 25(OH) vitamin D levels and COVID-19 onset and disease course in Spanish patients.

What Was Tested

The paper reports a study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, published as an observational study.

Currently, there are no definitive data on the relationship between low levels of vitamin D in the blood and a more severe disease course, in terms of the need for hospital admission, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and mortality, in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

The researchers aimed to study the association between levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and adverse clinical outcomes linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The researchers further aimed to observe the incidence of low, below-average, and normal levels of 25(OH)D in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 12, 2020, and May 20, 2020, and assess whether these values differed between these patients and a normal population.

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 1549 patients were involved.

The age groups tagged for this paper are young adults, adults, middle-aged adults, older adults and people over 80, both men and women.

Subsequently, infected patients admitted to the ICU (n = 112) and those with a fatal outcome (n = 324) were analyzed.

How the Study Was Run

Quironsalud Hospitals in Madrid, Spain.

Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D were measured by electrochemiluminescence.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include COVID-19, Intensive Care Units, Spain, Vitamin D and Vitamin D Deficiency.

The authors tagged it with the keywords Hospital admission, Intensive care unit (ICU) and Mortality.

What This Means in Plain Language

This is an observational study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 1549 patients.

With several hundred people or more, it is a fairly large study for this kind of research.

Its findings take up roughly 9 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2021 (The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology), a journal based in England.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.