Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Outcomes in People With Early Psychosis: The DFEND Randomized Clinical Trial.

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial looks at Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.

Who Took Part

The abstract describes 2136 patients taking part.

The age groups tagged for this paper are teenagers, adults, middle-aged adults and older adults, both men and women.

A total of 2136 patients were assessed for eligibility, 835 were approached, 686 declined participation or were excluded, 149 were randomized, and 104 were followed up at 6 months.

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel-group study.

Because people in this Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

As a double-blind Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study, the assignments were hidden from both participants and investigators until the end.

A placebo (an inactive look-alike) gave the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc group a baseline to be compared against.

Groups ran in parallel: each of the patients stayed in one arm throughout.

What Was Measured

PubMed files the paper under topics including Psychotic Disorders, United Kingdom, Vitamin D and Vitamin D Deficiency.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 2136 patients.

With several hundred people or more, it is a fairly large study for this kind of research.

Its findings take up roughly 9 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2021 (JAMA network open), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.