The Combinatory Effect of Spirulina Supplementation and Resistance Exercise on Plasma Contents of Adipolin, Apelin, Ghrelin, and Glucose in Overweight and Obese Men

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Ghrelin and Apelin in this randomized controlled trial publication.

Who Took Part

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were adults and middle-aged adults, men only.

The current investigation was conducted in a single-blind and quasiexperimental fashion.

Sixty overweight and obese men (BMI > 25) ranging in age from 30 to 55 years were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to one of four groups: training plus spirulina (T+S), training plus placebo (T+P), spirulina (S), or placebo (P).

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized, single-blind and placebo-controlled study.

Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got Ghrelin and who got the comparison, which limits bias.

In this single-blind Ghrelin study one party knew the assignments and the other did not.

A placebo (an inactive look-alike) gave the Ghrelin group a baseline to be compared against.

The timeline in the abstract includes eight weeks.

Resistance training was performed three sessions a week over eight weeks, consisting of 12 movements with 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-minute rest intervals and 40-90 percent maximal repetition.

Adipolin, apelin, and ghrelin indices were measured before and after exercise using special kits.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Apelin, Body Mass Index, Dietary Supplements, Ghrelin, Glucose, Obesity and Overweight.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, single-blind and placebo-controlled study of Ghrelin and Apelin over eight weeks.

Its findings take up roughly 5 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2022 (Mediators of inflammation), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Ghrelin compound page and the Apelin compound page, all human trials.