The Association between Prenatal Nicotine Exposure and Offspring's Hearing Impairment.

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial looks at Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide).

The objective of this study is to evaluate whether there is an association between in-utero exposure to nicotine and subsequent hearing dysfunction.

Who Took Part

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were adults, both men and women.

DPOAEs were interpreted using optimized frequency-specific level criteria.

Cotinine was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits in maternal urine collected at enrollment and in the third trimester (mean gestational age 16.0 and 36.7 weeks, respectively).

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized and multicenter study.

Because people in this Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide) study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

More than one site took part, so the participants came from several places.

Dyads with missing urine, fetal or neonatal demise, infants diagnosed with a major congenital anomaly, congenital CMV infection, or with evidence of middle ear dysfunction were excluded.

Blinded personnel ran samples in duplicates.

Maternal urine cotinine >5 ng/mL at either time point was defined as in-utero exposure to nicotine.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Nicotine, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Hearing Loss, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Cotinine, Logistic Models and Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized and multicenter study of Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide).

The abstract goes on to report its results in about 5 sentences; this page does not restate them, so read the paper for the findings and their limits.

The publication is from 2024 (American journal of perinatology), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Therapeutic nicotine (patch, non-peptide) compound page, all human trials.