Comparative Effects of Glucose-Lowering Medications on Kidney Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: The GRADE Randomized Clinical Trial

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial paper looks at Insulin Glargine and Liraglutide.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the leading cause of kidney disease in the US.

It is not known whether glucose-lowering medications differentially affect kidney function.

Who Took Part

The abstract describes 5047 participants taking part.

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were adults and middle-aged adults, both men and women.

A total of 5047 participants were enrolled between July 8, 2013, and August 11, 2017, and followed up for a mean of 5.0 years (range, 0-7.6 years).

How the Study Was Run

The design is described as randomized.

Because people in this Insulin Glargine study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

A randomized clinical trial was conducted at 36 sites across the US.

Data were analyzed from February 21, 2022, to March 27, 2023.

What Was Measured

PubMed files the paper under topics including Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Insulin Glargine, Glycated Hemoglobin, Glucose, Liraglutide, Albuminuria and Hypoglycemic Agents.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized study of Insulin Glargine and Liraglutide in 5047 participants.

With several hundred people or more, it is a fairly large study for this kind of research.

Results are reported in around 10 sentences of the abstract; we leave them to the paper itself rather than summarise them.

The publication is from 2023 (JAMA internal medicine), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Insulin Glargine compound page and the Liraglutide compound page.