Associations of Gestational Exposure to Air Pollution With Maternal Vitamin D Levels: A Meta-Analysis.

What It Covers

The paper reports a study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, published as a meta-analysis.

The researchers investigated the association between air pollution during pregnancy and maternal vitamin D levels.

Why It Was Studied

Maternal vitamin D level is an important determinant of pregnancy and child health outcomes.

Who the Included Studies Covered

PubMed indexes the participants as adults, women only.

A total of 15 935 pregnant women from 5 birth cohorts in Europe and the United States were included.

Averaged concentrations of nitrogen oxides, fine and coarse particles, and composition of fine particles from conception until vitamin D measurement were estimated at participants' residential addresses using land-use regression or other spatiotemporal models.

How the Review Was Done

Cohorts measured vitamin D as 25(OH)D or 25(OH)D3 levels in serum or plasma at early or mid-pregnancy.

The researchers defined suboptimal vitamin D levels as levels below 20 ng/mL.

The researchers performed logistic regression models for each cohort to estimate the association between air pollution exposure and suboptimal vitamin D levels and pooled cohort-specific estimates in a random-effect meta-analysis.

Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and month of conception.

What Was Measured

Maternal vitamin D level is an important determinant of pregnancy and child health outcomes.

The subject headings attached to it are Air Pollution, Vitamin D Deficiency, Vitamin D, Maternal Exposure, Particulate Matter, Air Pollutants and United States.

Author keywords: air quality and pregnancy.

What This Means in Plain Language

This is a meta-analysis of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.

The abstract goes on to report its results in about 4 sentences; this page does not restate them, so read the paper for the findings and their limits.

The publication is from 2025 (The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.