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Gastrointestinal hormones and subjective ratings of appetite after low-carbohydrate vs low-fat low-energy diets in females with lipedema - A randomized controlled trial
Plain-language guide to PMID 39566600 (2025): randomized controlled trial study of Ghrelin and Cholecystokinin (CCK), lipedema.
Key Facts
- PMID
- 39566600
- Journal
- Clinical nutrition ESPEN
- Year
- 2025
- Study type
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Authors
- Lundanes J et al. (10 authors)
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.018
What This Study Did, in Plain Language
What Was Tested
The paper reports a study of Ghrelin and Cholecystokinin (CCK) in the context of lipedema, published as a randomized controlled trial.
To compare changes in ghrelin plasma concentrations after a low-carbohydrate (LCD) versus an isocaloric low-fat low energy diet (LED) in females with lipedema.
Secondary objectives were to determine potential differences between diets in changes in satiety hormones, and subjective ratings of appetite.
Why It Was Studied
However, most of the previous studies have employed very-low energy diets (VLED) and are therefore limited in terms of generalizability.
NCT04632810, Effect of Ketosis on Pain and Quality of Life in Patients With Lipedema (Lipodiet).
Who Took Part
PubMed indexes the participants as adults and middle-aged adults, women only.
Plasma concentrations of ghrelin, peptide YY, cholecystokinin (CCK), and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and subjective ratings of appetite were measured in the fasting and postprandial states, pre and post intervention.
How the Study Was Run
The researchers set it up as a randomized study.
Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got Ghrelin and who got the comparison, which limits bias.
What Was Measured
The subject headings attached to it are Appetite, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Ghrelin, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted, Lipedema, Cholecystokinin and Postprandial Period.
Author keywords: Hunger, Ketogenic diet and Satiety.
What This Means in Plain Language
The paper is a randomized study of Ghrelin and Cholecystokinin (CCK) in people with lipedema.
Its findings take up roughly 9 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.
The publication is from 2025 (Clinical nutrition ESPEN), a journal based in England.
More context: the Ghrelin compound page and the Cholecystokinin (CCK) compound page, Lipedema research.
Our Notes on the Compounds
Ghrelin: A 28-amino-acid stomach hormone that signals hunger and triggers growth hormone release; studied in human trials as an infusion.
Cholecystokinin (CCK): A gut and brain peptide hormone that stimulates gallbladder contraction and signals fullness.
Related Pages
Source: PubMed record. This explanation is written by PeptideWhiz from the public record. For research and education only. Not medical advice; no dosing information is given.