The effect of vitamin D supplementation and vaginal probiotics on fertility in women with recurrent implantation failure: A randomized clinical trial.

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in the context of recurrent vaginal infections & vaginal atrophy in this randomized controlled trial publication.

This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effects of these interventions on fertility in women with RIF and thin endometrium (<6 mm).

The primary outcome was the pregnancy rate, confirmed by β-hCG testing and ultrasound.

Who Took Part

The study group was 112 women.

PubMed indexes the participants as adults, women only.

A total of 112 women with a history of RIF were randomized into four groups: vaginal probiotics, vitamin D supplementation, a combination of both, or standard IVF treatment (control).

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized study.

Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc and who got the comparison, which limits bias.

What Was Measured

This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effects of these interventions on fertility in women with RIF and thin endometrium (<6 mm).

The primary outcome was the pregnancy rate, confirmed by β-hCG testing and ultrasound.

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Probiotics, Vitamin D, Embryo Implantation, Dietary Supplements, Killer Cells, Natural, Fertilization in Vitro and Fertility.

The authors tagged it with the keywords Clinical trial, RIF and Vaginal probiotics.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 112 women in people with recurrent vaginal infections & vaginal atrophy.

The publication is from 2025 (Human immunology), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, Recurrent vaginal infections & vaginal atrophy research.