A Randomized Controlled, Double-Masked, Crossover Study of a GPR119 Agonist on Glucagon Counterregulation During Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial paper looks at Glucagon.

To assess this, the researchers designed a phase 2a, double-masked, crossover trial in 18 participants (age 20-60 years) with T1D.

Why It Was Studied

Activation of GPR119 receptors, expressed on enteroendocrine and pancreatic islet cells, augments glucagon counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in preclinical models.

The researchers hypothesized that MBX-2982, a GPR119 agonist, would augment counterregulatory responses to experimental hypoglycemia in participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Who Took Part

The abstract describes 18 participants taking part.

PubMed indexes the participants as young adults, adults and middle-aged adults, both men and women.

How the Study Was Run

The researchers set it up as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and crossover study.

The participants were allocated by chance, so the Glucagon group and the comparison group should start out alike.

As a double-blind Glucagon study, the assignments were hidden from both participants and investigators until the end.

The comparison arm used a placebo, so changes seen with Glucagon could be set against what happens without it.

Each person switched between Glucagon and the comparison at some point, usually with a gap in between.

Counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia during a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic-hypoglycemic clamp and hormonal responses during a mixed-meal test (MMT) were measured.

What Was Measured

The researchers assessed the effect of MBX-2982, a GPR119 agonist, on glucagon counterregulatory responses to experimental hypoglycemia in participants with T1D.

The subject headings attached to it are Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Hypoglycemia, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Glucagon, Blood Glucose, Glucose Clamp Technique and Hypoglycemic Agents.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of Glucagon in 18 participants.

With fewer than 40 people, it is a small study, so it is better read as an early signal for further research than as a settled answer.

The publication is from 2025 (Diabetes), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Glucagon compound page, all human trials.