Acute effect of a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement on pacing and kinetic expression during shorter and longer bouts of high intensity functional training.

What Was Tested

The paper reports a study of Copper (Supplement), published as a randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to assess a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement's acute effect on pacing and the expression of kinetics throughout a 5- and 15-minute HIFT-style AMRAP.

Why It Was Studied

Successful performance depends on fatigue management skills and maintaining a consistent expression of force and velocity when performing and transitioning between exercises over the duration of the workout.

Who Took Part

The abstract describes 10 women taking part.

PubMed indexes the participants as young adults and adults, both men and women.

The expression of kinetics and related factors were quantified during rowing via the ergometer microcomputer (Calories per stroke, power [W], and strokes per minute), during barbell thrusters by a 3D motion tracking system (barbell velocity [m · sec-1] and power [W]), and by in-ground force plates during box jumps (peak and mean force [N], time-to-peak force [ms], rate of force development [RFD; N·sec-1], and impulse [N·sec]).

The averages, standard deviation, and slope across rounds were calculated for all pacing and kinetic variables for separate 3-way (sex × workout durations × supplement conditions) repeated measures analysis of variance comparisons.

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized and placebo-controlled study.

Because people in this Copper (Supplement) study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

A placebo (an inactive look-alike) gave the Copper (Supplement) group a baseline to be compared against.

Video recordings of each workout were analyzed to quantify repetitions completed, volume load (kg), and pace (i.e. time spent on each workout component, repetition completion rate).

What Was Measured

The subject headings attached to it are Dietary Supplements, Athletic Performance, Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Fatigue, Muscle Fatigue, High-Intensity Interval Training and Water Sports.

Author keywords: AMRAP, CrossFit®, HIFT, force, power and repetition completion rate.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized and placebo-controlled study of Copper (Supplement) in 10 women.

With fewer than 40 people, it is a small study, so it is better read as an early signal for further research than as a settled answer.

Results are reported in around 8 sentences of the abstract; we leave them to the paper itself rather than summarise them.

The publication is from 2025 (Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Copper (Supplement) compound page, all human trials.