Vitamin D supplementation and incidence of major depressive disorder - A randomized clinical trial.

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in this randomized controlled trial publication.

The researchers investigated the effects of long-term vitamin D3 supplementation on the incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD).

Why It Was Studied

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01463813, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01463813 (date of registration Nov 1, 2011).

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 542 participants were involved.

The age groups tagged for this paper are middle-aged adults and older adults, both men and women.

A sub-cohort of 542 participants had more detailed in-person investigations.

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study.

Because people in this Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study were split into groups at random, differences between the groups are less likely to reflect who happened to join each one.

Neither the participants nor the staff measuring them knew who was on Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, so expectations could not easily colour the readings.

A placebo (an inactive look-alike) gave the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc group a baseline to be compared against.

The study was a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in 2012-2018.

The secondary endpoint was incident MDD during an extended follow-up until the end of 2021.

What Was Measured

Topics PubMed links to this paper include Major Depressive Disorder, Dietary Supplements, Incidence, Cholecalciferol, Vitamin D and Vitamins.

The authors tagged it with the keywords General population, Major depression, Older adult and Supplementation.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 542 participants.

With several hundred people or more, it is a fairly large study for this kind of research.

Its findings take up roughly 7 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2026 (Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)), a journal based in England.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.