Effects of Randomized Multivitamin Supplementation on Carotenoids and α-Tocopherol in the COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study.

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial looks at Copper (Supplement).

Adequate intake of carotenoids and vitamin E supports healthy aging, yet evidence is limited on whether multivitamin-multimineral (MVM) supplementation changes serum concentrations over time.

Multivariable linear mixed models estimated changes in serum biomarker concentrations, comparing MVM with placebo, adjusting for covariates (age, sex, and cocoa extract intervention).

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 2020, adults were involved.

PubMed indexes the participants as middle-aged adults and older adults, both men and women.

Participants completed semiannual questionnaires and provided optional biospecimen samples at baseline, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up.

Between 2015 and 2020, US adults (women aged 65 years and older, men aged 60 years and older) without major cardiovascular disease or recent cancer were enrolled in the COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study.

How the Study Was Run

The design is described as randomized and placebo-controlled.

Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got Copper (Supplement) and who got the comparison, which limits bias.

A placebo (an inactive look-alike) gave the Copper (Supplement) group a baseline to be compared against.

This analysis included biospecimen substudy participants with blood samples provided at baseline and ≥1 follow-up timepoint (n = 400; 1 excluded due to unusable sample; final N = 399).

What Was Measured

PubMed files the paper under topics including Carotenoids, Dietary Supplements, Vitamins, alpha-Tocopherol, Cacao and Lycopene.

The authors tagged it with the keywords Dietary supplementation, Multivitamin/mineral supplements, Randomized clinical trial and Vitamin E.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized and placebo-controlled study of Copper (Supplement) in 2020, adults.

With several hundred people or more, it is a fairly large study for this kind of research.

Its findings take up roughly 7 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2026 (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Copper (Supplement) compound page, all human trials.