Vitamin D deficiency and pain severity in endometriosis: a phenotype-based retrospective observational study.

What Was Tested

Researchers studied Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in the context of endometriosis in this observational study publication.

To evaluate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and pain severity in women with surgically and histopathologically confirmed endometriosis, and to assess whether this association differs between ovarian endometrioma (OE) and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) phenotypes.

Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to examine the association between vitamin D levels and pain scores, adjusting for age, body mass index, and seasonal variation.

Who Took Part

According to the abstract, 427 women were involved.

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were adults, women only.

This retrospective observational analytical study included 427 women with surgically confirmed endometriosis.

Patients were classified according to dominant phenotype as OE (n=231) or DIE (n=196).

How the Study Was Run

Serum 25(OH)D levels were categorized as deficient (<20 ng/mL), insufficient (20-30 ng/mL), and sufficient (≥30 ng/mL).

Pain severity-including dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and dyspareunia-was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

What Was Measured

The subject headings attached to it are Endometriosis, Vitamin D Deficiency, Vitamin D, Phenotype, Pelvic Pain, Pain Measurement and Dysmenorrhea.

Author keywords: Biomarker, Deep infiltrating endometriosis and Ovarian endometrioma.

What This Means in Plain Language

This is an observational study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 427 women in people with endometriosis.

With several hundred people or more, it is a fairly large study for this kind of research.

Results are reported in around 8 sentences of the abstract; we leave them to the paper itself rather than summarise them.

The publication is from 2026 (BMC women's health), a journal based in England.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, Endometriosis research.