An exploratory study on the association between vitamin D intake or synthesis and sleep health in young adult women: an observational study.

What Was Tested

This observational study looks at Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.

This pilot study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary vitamin D intake or vitamin D synthesis from ultraviolet exposure and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels as an indicator of vitamin D status, as well as their association with sleep health and depressive symptoms.

Who Took Part

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were teenagers, young adults and adults, women only.

Twenty-nine young adult women participated in two surveys conducted in spring and summer.

How the Study Was Run

In design terms this was a pilot study.

It is described as a pilot, a small early test of whether a larger Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc study would be practical.

Vitamin D intake was estimated based on responses to a dietary questionnaire.

Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Sleep habits were assessed using a 2-week sleep diary, and depression and insomnia symptoms were evaluated using questionnaires.

What Was Measured

PubMed files the paper under topics including Vitamin D, Pilot Projects, Sleep, Vitamin D Deficiency, Depression, Diet and Seasons.

The authors tagged it with the keywords 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Diet history questionnaire, Insomnia, Sleep health, Ultraviolet and Vitamin D3 synthesis.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a pilot study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc.

Its findings take up roughly 8 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2026 (Journal of physiological anthropology), a journal based in England.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.