Environmental and Clinical Determinants of Vitamin D Status in Breast Cancer Patients: A Multivariable Analysis.

What Was Tested

The paper reports a study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc, published as an observational study.

Vitamin D deficiency is commonly observed in patients with breast cancer and may affect disease course and treatment outcomes.

The determinants of vitamin D status in this population remain incompletely understood, particularly with respect to lifestyle, psychosocial, and tumour-related factors.

Who Took Part

The abstract describes 101 women taking part.

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were adults, middle-aged adults and older adults, women only.

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 101 women with histopathologically confirmed invasive breast cancer, recruited at the St.

Dietary patterns were assessed with the KomPAN questionnaire (pro-healthy diet index pHDI-10 and non-healthy diet index nHDI-14).

How the Study Was Run

John of Dukla Oncology Centre of the Lublin Region (COZL) in Lublin, Poland, between 2018 and 2019.

Clinical and lifestyle data were collected using standardised questionnaires and medical records.

Psychological distress was measured with the Distress Thermometer.

What Was Measured

PubMed files the paper under topics including Breast Neoplasms, Vitamin D, Cross-Sectional Studies, Vitamin D Deficiency, Multivariate Analysis, Life Style and Diet.

The authors tagged it with the keywords 25-hydroxyvitamin D, BMI, Distress Thermometer, breast cancer, dietary patterns and molecular subtypes.

What This Means in Plain Language

This is an observational study of Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc in 101 women.

Its findings take up roughly 8 sentences of the abstract and are left out here on purpose; the source paper is the place to read them.

The publication is from 2026 (Nutrients), a journal based in Switzerland.

More context: the Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium and Zinc compound page, all human trials.