Untangling the effects of hunger, anxiety, and nausea on energy intake during intravenous cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) infusion

What Was Tested

This randomized controlled trial paper looks at Cholecystokinin (CCK) and Sincalide.

Infusions of cholecystokinin (CCK) may exert their effects on appetite by inducing feelings of nausea or anxiety.

In this double blind, placebo controlled crossover study, the impact of these effects on appetite were examined.

Who Took Part

By PubMed's age tags, the people studied were teenagers, adults and middle-aged adults, men only.

Visual analogue scales of appetite and mood were measured over 3 h, and subjects were instructed to report any other sensations they experienced over this time.

How the Study Was Run

The design is described as randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and crossover.

Random assignment meant chance, not the researchers, decided who got Cholecystokinin (CCK) and who got the comparison, which limits bias.

As a double-blind Cholecystokinin (CCK) study, the assignments were hidden from both participants and investigators until the end.

Some participants received a placebo instead of Cholecystokinin (CCK), giving a reference point.

Each person switched between Cholecystokinin (CCK) and the comparison at some point, usually with a gap in between.

What Was Measured

The infusion commenced 20 min after a soup preload and 10 min before an ad libitum test meal.

After the smaller meal with CCK-8, hunger rose quickly to a higher level than with placebo.

The subject headings attached to it are Anxiety, Appetite, Eating, Energy Metabolism, Hunger, Nausea and Sincalide.

What This Means in Plain Language

The paper is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of Cholecystokinin (CCK) and Sincalide.

The publication is from 1998 (Physiology & behavior), a journal based in United States.

More context: the Cholecystokinin (CCK) compound page and the Sincalide compound page, all human trials.