Home › Peptides A to Z › CarnosineWhat is Carnosine? A dipeptide of beta-alanine and histidine found in muscle and brain; studied as a supplement in human trials.
Carnosine in the library · · Human Trials · What are peptides?
28 registered trials · 151 indexed papers · 158 human / 19 animal studies
From the PeptideWhiz library entry. "As described" sections summarize claims made in the sources; they are not PeptideWhiz endorsements.
What it is A dipeptide of beta-alanine and histidine found in muscle and brain; studied as a supplement in human trials.
Type: Dipeptide.
Definition (National Library of Medicine) “A naturally occurring dipeptide neuropeptide found in muscles.”
Human research The registered human trials and peer-reviewed human studies linked below are listed from ClinicalTrials.gov and PubMed. A study is linked only when Carnosine is one of its interventions, or is named in the study title or subject headings.
Listing a study does not mean it showed a benefit, and it is not medical advice.
Registered human trials (28) Peer-reviewed studies (151) Paper Authors Journal Year Type Effects of carnosine supplementation on physical endurance: a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial O'Toole TE et al. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2026 Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluation of effectiveness and safety of polaprezinc as an adjuvant therapy in enhancing fracture healing in adults with closed fractures: a prospective study Nagnur MI et al. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 2026 Controlled Clinical Trial Carnosine-Enriched Chicken Meat Improves Microvascular Function and Anti-Inflammatory Phenotype in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Uršić D et al. Nutrients 2026 Randomized Controlled Trial Zinc-L-carnosine mouthwash in oral mucositis patients: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial Togni L et al. Minerva dental and oral science 2026 Randomized Controlled Trial Topical carnosine gel improves intermittent high-intensity exercise performance in world-class rugby sevens players Beaven CM et al. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2025 Randomized Controlled Trial Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Polaprezinc Granules Oral Administration in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under Fasting and Fed Conditions Xiao M et al. Clinical and translational science 2025 Randomized Controlled Trial Carnosine-enriched functional food enhances micro- and macrovascular endothelium-independent vasodilation in competitive athletes-a randomized study Perić L et al. Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme 2025 Randomized Controlled Trial Carnosine supplementation improves cognitive outcomes in younger participants of the NEAT trial O'Toole TE et al. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics 2025 Randomized Controlled Trial The Effect of Carnosine Supplementation on Musculoskeletal Health in Adults with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Saadati S et al. Nutrients 2024 Randomized Controlled Trial Carnosine Supplementation Has No Effect on Inflammatory Markers in Adults with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Controlled Trial Saadati S et al. Nutrients 2024 Randomized Controlled Trial Estimation of Plasma Concentration of L-Carnosine and its Correlation with Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children: A Pilot Clinical Trial Abraham DA et al. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) 2024 Clinical Trial Evaluation of supplementary carnosine accumulation and distribution: an initial analysis of participants in the Nucleophilic Defense Against PM Toxicity (NEAT) clinical trial Baba SP et al. Amino acids 2024 Randomized Controlled Trial A Patented Dietary Supplement (Hydroxy-Methyl-Butyrate, Carnosine, Magnesium, Butyrate, Lactoferrin) Is a Promising Therapeutic Target for Age-Related Sarcopenia through the Regulation of Gut Permeability: A Randomized Controlled Trial Rondanelli M et al. Nutrients 2024 Randomized Controlled Trial Carnosine supplementation improves glucose control in adults with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial Hariharan R et al. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 2024 Randomized Controlled Trial A randomised trial of topical polaprezinc to prevent oral mucositis in patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ToPaZ study) Nakagaki M et al. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer 2023 Randomized Controlled Trial Carnosine Did Not Affect Vascular and Metabolic Outcomes in Patients with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: A 14-Week Randomized Controlled Trial Saadati S et al. Nutrients 2023 Randomized Controlled Trial Match Running Performance in Australian Football Is Related to Muscle Fiber Typology Hopwood HJ et al. International journal of sports physiology and performance 2023 Observational Study Cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia with L-Carnosine adjuvant therapy - A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study Tharoor H et al. Pharmacology research & perspectives 2023 Randomized Controlled Trial The role of Carcinine treatment on glico-lipidic imbalance of patients with altered blood glucose pattern Palmieri B et al. La Clinica terapeutica 2023 Observational Study Efficacy and safety of polaprezinc in the treatment of gastric ulcer: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, positive-controlled clinical trial Shen W et al. Medical engineering & physics 2022 Randomized Controlled Trial Efficacy of 12 weeks oral beta-alanine supplementation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial De Brandt J et al. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle 2022 Randomized Controlled Trial Efficacy of high-intensity interval- or continuous aerobic-training on insulin resistance and muscle function in adults with metabolic syndrome: a clinical trial Gallo-Villegas J et al. European journal of applied physiology 2022 Randomized Controlled Trial Beta-alanine did not improve high-intensity performance throughout simulated road cycling Perim P et al. European journal of sport science 2022 Randomized Controlled Trial Effect of Oral carnosine supplementation on urinary TGF-β in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial Siriwattanasit N et al. BMC nephrology 2021 Randomized Controlled Trial PHoral: Effects of carnosine supplementation on quantity/quality of oral salivae in healthy volunteer and in subjects affected by common oral pathologies Ciulla MM et al. Medicine 2021 Clinical Study Use of carnosine in the prevention of cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese individuals: study protocol for a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial Menon K et al. BMJ open 2021 Clinical Study Acute preexercise supplementation of combined carnosine and anserine enhances initial maximal power of Wingate tests in humans Blancquaert L et al. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2021 Randomized Controlled Trial Ergogenic effect of pre-exercise chicken broth ingestion on a high-intensity cycling time-trial Barbaresi S et al. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2021 Controlled Clinical Trial Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk O'Toole TE et al. International journal of molecular sciences 2021 Observational Study The effect of β-alanine supplementation on high intensity cycling capacity in normoxia and hypoxia Patel KA et al. Journal of sports sciences 2021 Randomized Controlled Trial
More cited research A Dietary Supplement Containing Cinnamon, Chromium and Carnosine Decreases Fasting Plasma Glucose and Increases Lean Mass in Overweight or Obese Pre-Diabetic Su (None, human RCT)A preliminary, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of L-carnosine to improve cognition in schizophrenia (None, human RCT)Effect of polaprezinc on impaired healing of chronic gastric ulcers in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats--role of insulin-like growth factors (IGF)-1 (2001, animal)Polaprezinc exerts a salutary effect on impaired healing of acute gastric lesions in diabetic rats (2000, animal)Untargeted and Targeted Metabolomics Profiling of Muscle Reveals Enhanced Meat Quality in Artificial Pasture Grazing Tan Lambs via Rescheduling the Rumen Bacter (2021, animal)Taurine rescues hippocampal long-term potentiation from ammonia-induced impairment (2006, animal)Conditions researched Acid reflux and GERD Anemia Anti-aging & longevity Atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease & high blood pressure Autism support Chronic and systemic inflammation Chronic pain: fibromyalgia & CRPS Cognition, focus & brain performance Dementia, Alzheimer's & cognitive decline Diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma Dry and flaky skin Fat loss, obesity & body recomposition Fatigue & low energy (incl. midlife) Fatty liver & elevated liver enzymes Gum disease (periodontal) & oral health Gut: IBD (Crohn's, colitis), leaky gut, IBS & ulcers Heart repair: after heart attack, heart failure & enlarged heart High-demand jobs: military, fire, police, EMT (and combat-sport athletes) Immune system (general) Insulin resistance, prediabetes & type 2 diabetes Kidney protection (CKD, diabetic kidney, lupus kidney) Loose skin Lung health, asthma & COPD Migraine Multiple sclerosis Muscle gain, sarcopenia & building muscle after 40 Neuropathy and CRPS Osteoporosis and bone density Parkinson's disease Rheumatoid arthritis Skin, hair loss, wounds & mast-cell/histamine reactivity Sleep problems (incl. insomnia on peptides) Related compounds FAQ What is Carnosine? A dipeptide of beta-alanine and histidine found in muscle and brain; studied as a supplement in human trials.
How many registered human trials study Carnosine? The PeptideWhiz trial index lists 28 registered trials for Carnosine, the most recent from 2025.
How much published research exists on Carnosine? The PeptideWhiz paper index links 151 PubMed papers to Carnosine; by study type, 158 human and 19 animal studies.
Which conditions is Carnosine researched for? Acid reflux and GERD, Anemia, Anti-aging & longevity, Atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease & high blood pressure, Autism support, Chronic and systemic inflammation, Chronic pain: fibromyalgia & CRPS, Cognition, focus & brain performance, Dementia, Alzheimer's & cognitive decline, Diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma, Dry and flaky skin, Fat loss, obesity & body recomposition, Fatigue & low energy (incl. midlife), Fatty liver & elevated liver enzymes, Gum disease (periodontal) & oral health, Gut: IBD (Crohn's, colitis), leaky gut, IBS & ulcers, Heart repair: after heart attack, heart failure & enlarged heart, High-demand jobs: military, fire, police, EMT (and combat-sport athletes), Immune system (general), Insulin resistance, prediabetes & type 2 diabetes, Kidney protection (CKD, diabetic kidney, lupus kidney), Loose skin, Lung health, asthma & COPD, Migraine, Multiple sclerosis, Muscle gain, sarcopenia & building muscle after 40, Neuropathy and CRPS, Osteoporosis and bone density, Parkinson's disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Skin, hair loss, wounds & mast-cell/histamine reactivity, Sleep problems (incl. insomnia on peptides).
Research and education only. Not medical advice. No dosing guidance. Data: ClinicalTrials.gov registry and PubMed via the PeptideWhiz index (204,289 studies).
Reported dosing ranges from research